For years our mission is to produce zero-emission (z-e) vehicle. World's engineers and scientist are working to produce a low consumption electric car which means an electric car that perform excellent but uses less energy. Basically an electric car uses electricity either from a battery or from a solar panel. Although car uses solar panel is known as solar car but it is still an electric car since it uses electricity.
The recent launched electric sport car Tesla Roadster is a good example of advancement in electric car technology. According to Tesla the car uses battery to run the car and high speed electric motor to move it. But how a small battery is able to run the high speed electric motor? The method is simple, the car uses a technology to convert direct current into alternating current (IGBTs) which will then connected to a transformer. By using this method the voltage can be easily increased up to 200kW which is enough to light up 2000 bulbs.
Companies such as Toyota and Honda are competing to produce better electric car. But on their effort to produce a z-e car they have introduced car called the hybrid. Toyota Prius and Harrier are the best example of hybrid cars. The concept is to reduce the use of fossil fuel by using bi-engine, fuel and electric. When you accelerate or brake the motor will work as the generator to recharge the battery. When you are cruising in a street the fuel engine stop and the electric motor works to move the car. By using that method you will be able to reduce fuel consumption. 
Things are moving fast so as the technology. In the coming years we are expected to see several almost perfect electric car model in the market.
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